Thanksgiving for Our “Family Tree”

As I look forward to our family gathering on Thanksgiving this year, I am filled with thankfulness when consider all the past circumstances that have clicked into place to make us “family.”  Like the pin tumblers on a lock that fall into place only in response to the right door key, so is the myriad of choices and circumstances that have unfolded to bring our family into existence.

The analogy of a “family tree” becomes more meaningful the more I think of it.  Like a large tree, our family has both branches and roots that have grown during the last fifty years since Abby and I were married on June 14, 1969.  We thank God for His salvation by grace through Jesus’s obedient sacrifice that has given us both Life in Him.  Then, He allowed circumstances to bring us together as students on the campus of Malone College.  Two first-born’s, each with our own self-centered wills and priorities, could never have “become one” and “remained one” for over one-half century without God’s grace and mercy.  Yet, Christ spanned the infinite gulf between God’s holiness and our sinful separation to redeem us, purchasing our forgiveness (Titus 2: 11-14).  Because of His loving sacrifice, we see the gulf of our differences as tiny and manageable as we lean on our Savior for our daily needs.

Our marriage has also produced a family tree with two wonderful branches, a son, Bradley Allen, and a daughter, Melinda Maetta.  They eventually married and their loved ones will now take their places at our Thanksgiving table.  As we gather this year, I realize that our two branches have grown and branched more to form a wonderfully diverse “international family” representing numerous nationalities.   But, in order to appreciate our international family, let’s refer to our “roots” derived from our parents and grandparents.

Abby and I understand that her grandmother, Alva Mae (Kennedy) Bright, was one-fourth Native American, representing the Cherokee Nation of western North Carolina.   Alva married John E. Bright who was of English descent.  They settled and raised ten children in East Tennessee near their places of birth.  Alva’s oldest daughter, Marietta Bright, married Ralph Moser who was of German descent.  Marietta bore seven daughters, the oldest being Alvadell (“Abby”).

My grandfather, Earl Bauders, was a descendent of British and Irish lineages.  When Earl who was an Englishman “came courting” my grandmother, Naoma Troyer, he had a challenging time earning the trust and respect of her family.  The Troyer’s were part of the Amish culture of Holmes County, Ohio.  The Amish are of Swiss German Anabaptist origin.  Earl and Naoma’s daughter, Esther Mae Bauders, married my father, Bert Silvius, who was of German descent.  Although I have not explored Silvius genealogy back to the Revolutionary War era, the Silvius family is rumored to have come to America during the late 1700’s.  The Silvius’s may have been among the Hessians who fought against the Continental Army led by George Washington at Valley Forge.

Large trees depend upon hundreds of miles of roots!  Each major tree root is anchored and nourished by untold numbers of tiny roots and rootlets extending throughout the soil.  Likewise, our current family tree is rooted in a myriad of past choices, marriages, and circumstances that God has allowed to occur among our ancestors representing many nations and tribes that Abby and I have never met. 

If we are all able to gather together on Thanksgiving this year, the two branches that God allowed Abby and I to form; Bradley and Melinda, will have brought additional international flavor to our table.  Brad’s wife, Raquel, came to Ann Arbor, Michigan from Rio Grande do sul, the southern-most state of Brazil, South America.  According to historical records, Rio Grande do sul has had a gaucho culture like neighboring Argentina and Uruguay, and has since been influenced by Portuguese, German, and Italian immigrants.

Meanwhile, Melinda, married Steve Salyers.  The Salyers name is traceable to Anglo-Saxon tribes of Britain.  The Salyers may have come to America in response to religious and political persecution.  Melinda and Steve have three children, Caleb, Kiara, and Della Rose.  This year Caleb and his new bride, Gurvinder Mahi Salyers, will be the latest couple to form in our family.  Gurvinder (“Soni”) was born in America, a daughter of parents who emigrated from India.

And so, this Thanksgiving, our gathering will represent the newest branches of our “family tree” rooted in a wonderfully diverse international heritage and branching outward and upward in ways that only our Sovereign God can foreknow.  Abby and I thank God for His provision of our marriage and family, and we pray and hope for HIs blessing and provision for our offspring. 


Know that YAHWEH Himself is God;
It is He who has made us,
and not we ourselves;
We are His people
and the sheep of His pasture.
Enter His gates with thanksgiving,
And His courts with praise. 
Give thanks to Him;
bless His name.   – Psalm 100: 3-4

Discovery and Renewal on Huffman Prairie

Discovery and Renewal on the Huffman Prairie:  Where Aviation Took Wing (Kent State University Press, 2018) is a delightfully readable and colorfully illustrated book.  Its author, David Nolin, masterfully integrates Southwest Ohio geology, ecology, history, technology, and culture to tell the rich story of how Huffman Prairie State Natural Landmark near Dayton, Ohio came into being.  Aa a result of the land stewardship restoration efforts of Dave and partnering land stewards, Huffman Prairie is now blossoming as a resurrected expanse of colorful mesic prairie located on Wright-Patterson Air Force.

Readers will learn how Dave Nolin discovered the remnant of a historic native prairie and became engaged in its restoration as Huffman Prairie.  But readers will also learn how the prairie instilled within the author a land ethic based on love and respect for historic natural areas as treasures worthy of his professional attention and restoration.  Partly as a result of this early engagement with the land, Dave enjoyed a fruitful career as land stewardship specialist with Dayton-Montgomery Five-Rivers MetroParks and is responsible for negotiating and closing over 7,000 acres of newly acquired natural areas and easements during his 30 years with the agency. 

The story of Huffman Prairie is also an important thread within the early settlement history of Ohio in the 18^th and 19^th centuries.  A highlight of this history is the account of how the Wright Brothers of Dayton, Ohio used a nearby pasture field that was once part of a 3-square-mile open prairie grassland, to test and improve their “flying machine” in the early 1900’s.  But long before the Wright planes took wing over this remnant prairie, grassland birds like Eastern Meadowlark and Bobolink were flying over this pre-settlement landscape, pouring their praises over a sea of beautiful prairie grasses and colorful native wildflowers.  Readers will wonder how the Dayton area was blessed with such an unusual treasure of beauty and diversity.   

The answer comes when Nolin takes us back even further in time, into the geologic history of what is now Ohio and the Midwest.  Here, he explains the forces that shaped the landscape and allowed for complex prairie ecosystems to form.  With the help of abundant maps, diagrams, and photographs, readers can learn how bedrock layers were formed by sedimentation under a great deluge, then uplifted, buckled, and eroded to form rivers and valleys.  Then, came the ice age in which glaciers shaped the landscape and left behind porous soil deposits.  The resulting complex of wetlands and prairies that developed on these glacial soils over time was a biological wonder that was much more complex than the Wright “flying machine.”

As settlers entered the Miami Valley in the 18^th century, impacts of agriculture and urbanization began to threaten the survival of the original forest and prairie communities.  Gradually, farmers drained and plowed up the prairie sod.  Others built roads, railways, and airport runways.   But, although readers like me are saddened by the gradual whittling away of the expansive prairie, Nolin does not present the history of Huffman Prairie as a woeful account of hopeless environmental degradation in the face of “progress.”  Rather, as Nolin tells us, the story of Huffman Prairie reveals how a few forward-thinking scientists, naturalists, and common citizens took steps to protect and restore remnant portions of natural areas in Ohio.

I was encouraged by what I perceive as my friend, the author’s philosophy of environmental stewardship.  Although we may differ in the exact presuppositions that form our respective worldviews, we agree that it is possible to address the potentially conflicting demands of human civilization while successfully conserving habitats and biodiversity. 

Page 135 (Kent State U. Press. 2018) 

The answer is wise land stewardship which not only conserves natural and biological resources but also provides inviting “places” where we can go and be refreshed in body, soul, and spirit.  Time spent working, restoring, and reflecting in these places all help us distinguish our wants from our actual needs in a consumer culture that so often has too little time to be quiet, reflective, and restorative.  If this is true, Nolin’s book is well named because although today’s Huffman Prairie is only a fragment of the original prairie ecosystems now largely transformed into agricultural and urban enterprises, this small remnant prairie will continue to be a place our generation and the next can go for discovery and renewal.

Nolin’s summary of the extensive historical and cultural scope detailed in Discovery and Renewal on the Huffman Prairie:  Where Aviation Took Wing, reminded me of the epic and thought-provoking television mini-series, Centennial, which portrays the history of several human ethnic cultures in what is now Colorado. The following excerpt (page 73) should encourage and challenge every reader who aspires to practice environmental stewardship in our fast-paced technological age:

The big prairie was gone, but the human and American achievements on this grassland in less than 80 years were unprecedented.  Here the first practical powered aircraft had been tested and flown, with a large impact on world history.  The prairie was an important part of an innovative flood control system that has protected Dayton and other communities along the Great Miami River from flooding.  Here the Wright Company School of Aviation trained the world's first generation of pilots.  The prairie land became an important part of Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, an important facility for National Defense.  Wright-Patt supports world-class aviation, engineering, and research facilities, and is a major employer for the region.

That these achievements resulted in the loss of the biologically diverse living systems that once thrived on the landscape was not widely known or considered except by a few.  Agnes Anderson Hall, John Van Cleve's biographer, reflected on the progress and loss at Huffman Prairie in "Letters from John":

"The "wet prairie" has lost its fringed gentians, in deed, but in the first years of this [20^th] century it's flat expanse recommended itself to two young men of the Van Cleve blood and tradition-- as a place well adapted to experiments with their new invention-- a machine that would fly!  A Government Flying Field now bears their name on the spot where one day a breathless crowd watched in tense silence while Orrville Wright soared three thousand feet into the air!  The Wright brothers led the way into the wilderness of the air as the Van Cleves had ventured forth on earth; they scaled the ramparts of the clouds as those, their forebears, had scaled the Alleghenies; they faced the scorn of unbelief, and beat back dangers and possessed their goal with the same courage, the same indomitable perseverance, the same effacement of self. Their lives were as full of peril and daring; their deeds were as replete with romance."

Nolin concludes:  Environmental awareness and general understanding of the complexity and value of living systems were a science and ethic that didn't start in a meaningful way until the early 20th century, but they grew swiftly in the 1970's and 1980's. This increased awareness and valuation of biodiversity and natural systems was to combine with a bit of luck to bring back a piece of Huffman Prairie in 1986.

 In Chapter 6, “A Prairie Renaissance,” the Nolin recounts how, as a graduate student at Wright State University, he was inspired by the growing conservation ethic of the 1980’s.  I was blessed to read Dave’s own personal account of how he and his father first discovered some native prairie plant populations that had survived after many centuries, now on the grounds of Wright-Patterson Air Force base.  What followed was an organized effort to restore the prairie and acquire its current Natural Landmark status. 

Readers will want to visit Huffman Prairie after they see on the pages of Discovery and Renewal on the Huffman Prairie the dozens of color photos of animal and plant species that currently reside in the prairie.  Nolin also includes a current listing of common and scientific names of plants of Huffman Prairie and helpful notes and references, helpful for those interested in the history of the Dayton, Ohio area.  Why not treat yourself to this book and buy a copy for friends who love history, nature, and working in land stewardship efforts?  Who knows, reading Discovery and Renewal and taking a trip to Huffman Prairie might even capture the imagination of a few young people who will enlist in environmental stewardship efforts in the future.

Black History 3: Bible and Biology Erase Racism

Infants and young children often enjoy a blissful existence, oddly enough because of their ignorance.  For example, a boy baby or toddler can have just as much fun at play with a girl and her dolls as with his own toy trucks and tools.  Many a child can as much enjoy the warmth and love of a dedicated stepmother or adoptive parents as that of his or her biological parents.  And, young children can enjoy playing with other young children without being distracted by differences in skin color, hair, or facial contours.  Everything seems to fit well into a child’s simple scheme of things.

Racism is Sin We Learn to Practice
But as children grow older and learn more about the world, their understanding becomes darkened by values that run contrary to both God’s created order and His revealed Truth recorded in the Bible.  When parents or other authorities in the child’s life practice racial discrimination or racism, the child suddenly learns that their black or white friends are somehow inferior, or of lesser value, or are their enemies. 

The fact that racial discrimination and hatred are passed from one generation to the next is illustrated clearly in the movie, 42.  This 2013 film records how Jackie Robinson broke the color barrier to become the first black major league baseball player.  One scene in which Jackie was playing in a game in Cincinnati features a boy seated in the stands next to his racist father.  The boy’s enjoyment of baseball was marred by confusion over his dad’s racial slurs against Robinson.  Soon, out of respect for his dad, the boy began to chime in to express his own racial protests.  How many times has this scenario been repeated over many generations?

What happens in the human heart that transforms an innocent child who had once enjoyed play with other children regardless of ethnicity to a child that is guarded, suspicious, or resentful of another person who is simply “different?”  Racial and ethnic strife is nurtured when experiences feed our natural inclinations toward pride and spiritual rebellion against God who created us.  Meanwhile, God reveals His truth through the Bible, history, and the sciences.  For those who humbly study these sources of truth, understanding brings great reward.  Jesus promised those who will follow Him:  If you continue in My word, then you are truly disciples of Mine; and you will know the truth, and the truth will make you free (John 8: 31-32).

In Part 1 of this series, “Correct History Brings Light,” we considered how ethnic minorities were instrumental in America’s founding.  By the time of the American Revolution, minority Americans like Crispus Attucks were already part of a “melting pot” of ethnicities that was instrumental in the forging of the United States of America.  Attucks who died in the Boston Massacre is reportedly the first casualty of the Revolution.  Interestingly, Attucks himself was an ethnic “melting pot.”  Although he appeared to be an African American, only Attucks’ father was of African descent, while his mother, Nancy Attucks, was a Native American of the Natick tribe.  A better understanding of how Black history is interwoven culturally and genetically with American history is necessary to evaluate the notion of Reparations which we discussed in Part 2.

A correct understanding of Black history and how it is intertwined with American history, it is necessary that we consider what the science of biology is revealing to us about the human race.  As always, we must try to integrate (i.e. logically and consistently fit into a complete whole) what we discover about humankind through science with what God reveals in the Scriptures of the Bible.

Scripture Says, “One Race”
Racism is a complex issue that I am still learning to understand.  However, since I have placed my faith in Jesus Christ and in the authority of God’s Word, the Bible, I must turn to God and His Word for answers to my questions and pray for wisdom to direct my communication and behavior.  Therefore, we will begin by considering what God has revealed about His creation of humankind, His provision for all people, and His principles intended for our good.

After God had created all except humankind, we read in Genesis 1: 26-27:
Then God said, “Let Us make man in Our image, according to Our likeness; and let them rule over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the sky and over the cattle and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creeps on the earth.” God created man in His own image, in the image of God He created him; male and female He created them.
and Genesis 2: 7,
Then the LORD God formed man of dust from the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living being.

Jesus Christ was with God at Creation.  “Our likeness” above suggests the Trinity. The Apostle John wrote, All things were made by Him (Jesus Christ); and without Him was not anything made that was made (John 1: 3).  Jesus in turn spoke of the creation of Adam and Eve:
“Have you not read that He who created them from the beginning MADE THEM MALE AND FEMALE, and said, ‘FOR THIS REASON A MAN SHALL LEAVE HIS FATHER AND MOTHER AND BE JOINED TO HIS WIFE, AND THE TWO SHALL BECOME ONE FLESH’?

The Apostle Paul taught both Jews and Gentiles in Athens that they were all of one race (emphasis mine):
He (God) made from one man every nation of mankind to live on all the face of the earth, having determined their appointed times and the boundaries of their habitation…indicating that all of humanity, regardless of “race,” gender, or origin, are offspring of the first man and woman (Acts 17: 26).  Paul adds specific reference to the man, Adam, in 1 Corinthians 15: 45-47:  So also it is written, “The first MAN, Adam, BECAME A LIVING SOUL.” The last Adam became a life-giving spirit.  However, the spiritual is not first, but the natural; then the spiritual. The first man is from the earth, earthy; the second man is from heaven.

Taken together these Scriptures clearly teach us that all humans are descendants of one specially created man, Adam.  So, we all comprise “one race,” not many races.  It follows that just as the “first Adam” is father of the human race, so the “second Adam,” Jesus Christ, Adam’s descendent through the line of Abraham [Abraham (Hebrew) = “father of many nations”] is the “father” of all who repent of sin and are born again by faith in Him.  In fact, Paul continued his message to Athens with these words (emphasis mine):  Therefore having overlooked the times of ignorance, God is now declaring to men that all people everywhere should repent, because He has fixed a day in which He will judge the world in righteousness through a Man (Jesus Christ) whom He has appointed, having furnished proof to all men by raising Him from the dead (Acts 17: 30-31).

The Statement on Social Justice and the Gospel presents a biblical view of social justice with respect to race relations and ethnicity:
God made all people from one man. Though people often can be distinguished by different ethnicities and nationalities, they are ontological equals before God in both creation and redemption. “Race” is not a biblical category, but rather a social construct that often has been used to classify groups of people in terms of inferiority and superiority. All that is good, honest, just, and beautiful in various ethnic backgrounds and experiences can be celebrated as the fruit of God’s grace. All sinful actions and their results (including evils perpetrated between and upon ethnic groups by others) are to be confessed as sinful, repented of, and repudiated.

As the above statement clearly states, the Bible nowhere supports the notion of racism.  Instead, racism is rooted in Darwinian evolution which claims that pre-human primates evolved into different lines, or "races" leading to present day Caucasian, Negroid, Asian, and other ethnicities.  Because evolution theory assumes that natural selection leads to differences in visible and other traits related to survival, it follows that some "races" must be superior to others.  In, “World History Without HIS Story,” I explain how the Darwinian mindset provided the basis for Nazi Germany’s eugenics experiment involving the Holocaust, the aim of which was to deliberately exterminate Jews and favor the “Aryan race.”  Some educators, both Christian and secular, prefer the use of “ethnic group” or “people group” rather than the term “race.”  Biology and genetics support the Scriptural teaching that humanity is “one race” not many races.

Biology Says, “Race Is Not Rooted in Reality”
An increasing number of scientists believe the term “race” is genetically meaningless.  The American Association of Physical Anthropologists (AAPA) has drafted an official “Statement on Race and Racism.” The statement includes the following rejection of “race” as a useful genetic concept:  Race does not provide an accurate representation of human biological variation. It was never accurate in the past, and it remains inaccurate when referencing contemporary human populations.

Interestingly, while the AAPA Statement denies that race has its “roots in biological reality,” nevertheless it admits that “racism” exists as a social problem rooted “in policies of discrimination.”  That is, racism can be attributed to “a classification system that emerged from, and in support of, European colonialism, oppression, and discrimination.”  Unfortunately, the AAPA Statement fails to identify the role of Darwinian evolution as a major cause of the emergence of ethnic minority oppression and extermination under Hitler as noted above.

Referring to decades of research by the Human Genome Variation Project, the AAPA Statement notes that a genetic comparison of all humans reveals that the genetic makeup of any two randomly chosen persons in the world will differ by no more than 0.1% (one-tenth of 1 percent) of their genes.  According to Natalie Angier (“Do Races Differ?  Not Really.  Genes Show)”, New York Times, Aug. 22, 2000), only approximately 0.01 percent of the variation among all humans involves genes commonly associated with “race-distinguishing” traits like skin color.  D. J. Witherspoon, S. Wooding, et al. publishing in the journal, Genetics (176: 351–359  May, 2007), concluded, “…most human genetic variation is found within populations, not between them.”  Rob DeSalle and Ian Tattersall, both at the American Museum of Natural History, conclude, “race is a totally inadequate way of characterizing diverse humankind or even of helping understand humanity’s glorious variety.”

We began by reflecting on the bliss enjoyed by the baby or toddler who can enjoy being at play with another child regardless of outward differences in appearance.  Meanwhile, because of human spiritual depravity, adults worldwide behave like spoiled children who learn to reject and abuse others who look or act differently.   When will we realize the sin of racism?  In so doing, we defy God’s creative purposes by wrongly dividing human beings who differ by only a few genes that determine outward appearance?  Although racism is real and damaging on a cultural level, there is not enough genetic difference to consider it real biologically.  How tragic!  

The challenge for Christ-followers is to understand the following:
a)  What the Scriptures teach about the origin of all humans from the ”first Adam” (Genesis 1-2)
b)  The reason why we are spiritually depraved (Genesis 3; Romans 1-2)
c)  Why God sent His only Son as the “second Adam” (1 Corinthians 15: 45)
d)  Our need to repent and receive Christ's free Gift of salvation and restoration (Acts 17: 30-31)
For more information on how you can receive the Gift of Salvation, CLICK HERE for "Steps to Peace with God."

Those who come to Christ by faith can fully celebrate human ethnic diversity.  That means celebrating the way in which God and "HIStory" has melted ethnic diversity for the benefit of many nations, America included.  And best of all, Christ-followers can assist in the harvest of souls of every ethnicity, all of whom God loves and invites to live with Him throughout eternity if they claim His righteousness by faith in the blood of Christ.

Shining Moral Light into Dark Places

All of us like stories about noble and heroic acts of men and women.  These accounts affirm that there are many outstanding, unselfish, and courageous people.  Yet we also realize that the world has some very evil people.  To many, this remains a paradox.  How can there be humans who rise to such levels of sacrificial love and kindness while there are others whose pride and selfishness drive them to destroy human lives for the sake of power or pleasure?

Perhaps the two most tragic practices in which powerful adults inflict harm and even death upon babies and children are abortion and child pornography, respectively.  While the frequency of abortions in the USA has been steadily declining, the increasing acceptance of the practice of “after-birth abortions” or infanticide is very troubling.  Meanwhile, the presence of online child sexual abuse imagery (CSAI) has been increasing almost exponentially.

Plague of Child Sexual Abuse Imagery
Hopefully, a recent New York Times article (Sept. 28, 2019) by Michael H. Keller and Gabriel J.X. Dance will draw much needed attention to the horrific statistics on CSAI and its terrible toll on the lives of our innocent children.  The article is entitled “The Internet Is Overrun with Images of Child Sexual Abuse. What Went Wrong?”

I should warn readers that you may not want to read Keller and Dance’s article because the authors document crimes of assault, rape, and torture by adults against children as young as 3 or 4 years old.  These acts are filmed by other very selfish, twisted criminals for the purpose of online marketing to consumers who are themselves addicted to pornography.

What is most troubling are the stark statistics documenting the explosion of this illegal activity from the underbelly of our culture:
In 1998, there were over 3,000 reports of child sexual abuse imagery. 
Just over a decade later, yearly reports soared past 100,000. 
In 2014, that number surpassed 1 million for the first time.  
Last year, there were 18.4 million, more than one-third of the total ever reported.  Those reports included over 45 million images and videos flagged as child sexual abuse.

Obviously, laws against child pornography and law enforcement have not been successful in this war to protect our children against what has become an increasingly sophisticated underworld.  We are losing the current battle largely due to increasing usage of encryption to assure that privacy of law-abiding internet users is protected.  Encryption, particularly of social media platforms like Facebook Messenger and Snapchat has made it possible for child predators and abusers to conduct their sordid business.  Keller and Dance cite a recent article published in conjunction with the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children which stated that reports of online child abuse images were “exceeding the capabilities of independent clearinghouses and law enforcement to take action.”

God’s Moral Standards and Judgment
Clearly, the sordid acts of sexual abuse, torture, and murder of children ought to be considered unthinkable crimes against humanity.  However, even more despicable is the practice of digitally recording and distributing these images on the internet for profit.  Furthermore, this material is then available to feed pornographic addictions of the more hardened addicts.  This sordid behavior should remind us of our universal human need to live according to the moral standards God has revealed in Scripture for the good of humanity.

The horrible nature of CSAI should remind us of the universal nature of sin, rebellion against God’s authority. The account of the first sin as it entered God’s perfect creation is recorded in the Biblical account of the Garden of Eden.  Adam and Eve yielded to the allurement of Satan who appealed to the desires of the flesh and the desires of the eyes and pride of life (Genesis 3; 1 John 2: 16).  When Adam and Eve chose to eat from one forbidden tree out of an abundance of wonderful trees and other provisions God had made for them, they rebelled against the moral boundaries God had given them for their good (Romans 1: 18-21).  The result was the invasion of sin and death that has continued to plague Adam’s offspring throughout the millennia ever since.

Thankfully, the Apostle Paul and many other New Testament writers address our lost human condition and also God’s provision of salvation through the “Second Adam,”  Jesus Christ.  Paul wrote that he was not ashamed of the Gospel…for in it the righteousness of God is revealed from faith to faith (i.e. how we can be restored to right standing before God) (Romans 1: 16-17).  Paul continues by explaining the consequences of human rejection of God’s moral authority, beginning with ungratefulness and lack of reverence for a holy God.  Namely, we have become darkened in our understanding, spiritually blinded, foolish in our thinking, and idolatrous (Romans 1: 18-23).

But, as we read beyond Romans 1: 23, we realize the depth of our descent into moral depravity.  Beginning in verse 24, the Apostle Paul describes how humans have rejected God’s moral standards of heterosexual relationships within marriage taught in the Old Testament (Genesis 2: 21-25) and reinforced by Jesus in the New Testament (Matthew 19:4-6).  The consequences are “degrading passions” in which both men and women “exchanged the natural function” for “unnatural function” (Romans 1: 24-32).  Choosing to act contrary to God’s design for human sexuality in any of its perversions is both immoral and destructive to the spiritual flourishing of mankind.  

Paul addresses immorality in 1 Corinthians 6: 9-10, asking his readers, Do you not know that the unrighteous will not inherit the kingdom of God?  Do not be deceived; neither fornicators, nor idolaters, nor adulterers, nor effeminate, nor homosexuals, nor thieves, nor the covetous, nor drunkards, nor revilers, nor swindlers, will inherit the kingdom of God.  Paul further warns us,
Do not participate in the unfruitful deeds of darkness, but instead even expose them; for it is disgraceful even to speak of the things which are done by them in secret. But all things become visible when they are exposed by the light, for everything that becomes visible is light (Ephesians 5: 11-13).

Spiritual Help with Addiction
Thankfully, there is hope for even the most depraved and hopeless person.  Although the Scriptures above sternly condemn sexual immorality of any sort as sin, we also find reason for hope.  Immediately following his stern warning in 1 Corinthians 6: 9-10 (see above), Paul writes these wonderful words of hope for restoration in the power of Christ (emphasis mine):  And that is what some of you were. But you were washed, you were sanctified, you were justified in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ and by the Spirit of our God (1 Corinthians 6: 11).  Paul is saying some of you were fornicators, adulterers, homosexuals, thieves, covetous, etc. but through repentance and faith in Christ, you were washed, set apart, and given right standing before a Holy God, just as if you had never sinned!  Amazing grace of God!

For the producer and peddler of pornography of any kind; or for the person addicted to pornography, there is help spiritually.  Christ died for all mankind on a Roman Cross to pay the penalty for human sin which is death (Romans 6: 23).  The “Good News,” or “the Gospel,” is the power of God for salvation for all who believe as we noted above.  The Gospel is summarized in an outline called “Steps to Peace with God” which explains God’s love, our predicament (sin and separation from God), what Jesus has done to address our predicament, and what you can do by faith to receive God’s righteousness (right standing with a Holy God). When you are “born again” through the power of God’s Spirit, you will be able to seek additional help in the Bible and through counsel from experienced believers who can assist you with your addiction and other sin that has defeated you.

Online websites that provide resources to assist with addiction to pornography include Focus on the Family, Pure Life Ministries (Help for Addiction to Pornography in Women), and Josh McDowell Ministry.

For those of us who, by God’s grace, have been spared of sexual addictions and immorality, we must recognize that we face a spiritual battle to live pure lives.  The temptation to rebel against God’s goodness and moral boundaries remains a challenge to all human beings, Christ-followers included.  As a YouVersion Bible reading plan, “Guardrails: Avoiding Regrets in Your Life,” states, God’s guardrail for our sexuality should keep us from doing anything that’s not what is best for the other person. Will it make them feel shame? Will it become a secret they carry for the rest of their life? Will it undermine their future relationships?” If the answer to any of these questions is “Yes,” then, as Paul says in in 1 Corinthians 6: 18-20, "flee."

As Christ-followers, we must nurture our children and grandchildren in biblical Christianity at home, through a Bible-preaching church, and by being vigilant about who our children are spending time with when they are not in our care, both friends and adult supervisors.  I would also recommend an excellent message by our pastor at West Hill Baptist Church, Pastor Zach Swift.  This message is third in his series, “Do You Surrender,” on the authority of God’s Word, and it is entitled “Morality.”  His message is a great resource for individual and family discussions of God’s “guardrails” to protect us, our marriages, and our families. 

Calling for Legislative and Legal Action
Finally, for those who have been challenged to act on behalf of the helpless children who fall victim to child sexual abuse, trafficking, and exploitation, please contact your U.S. Senators, Congressmen/women, and state and local officials.  There is clearly need for Congress and other levels of government to act on behalf of the powerless.  The National Center for Missing and Exploited Children has resources although they need more financial support and technical tools.  As we contact those in authority over us, we ought to pray for them that they will avoid temptation as they deal with the sin and corruption of our world.  We ought to grieve with law enforcement personnel as they regularly face human depravity to preserve law and order (Matthew 5: 4).

Climate Change in Context – 1. Getting the “Atmosphere” Right

This weekend, youth from 150 countries were so concerned about the global threat of climate change that they left their classrooms and took to the streets to urge world leaders to act.  As a science educator, I encouraged student involvement in learning.  So, I commend these students for their initiative, but I wonder if they are knowledgeable enough to preach to adults, many of whom lack consensus on whether or how much humans are responsible for climate change.

I am often asked, “Do you believe in ‘climate change?’” or, “Do you think humans can stop climate change?” or, “What do you think about “climate change?” 

The first two questions are easy.  My answers are, “Yes” and “No,” respectively.  Yes, according to science, climate change has been occurring for as far back as we have records or can extrapolate.  Geologic evidence suggests quite a few sudden, major, catastrophic changes in both the atmosphere and landscape of Earth—the kind of catastrophic events that can bury and preserve animals and plants within rocks or polar ice.  Because climate change has been occurring since long before human impacts on the Earth were significant, it is doubtful that we can stop climate change now.  If we could, what climatic conditions would we prefer for each latitude and biome?  Would we eliminate deserts?  Expand rain forests?

My answer to the third question, “I don’t always know what to think,” reflects my attempt to approach scientific issues with humility and healthy skepticism.  Therefore, I want to use this first of a series of articles on “Climate Change in Context” to emphasize the importance of two virtues that seem necessary in our discussion of global scale issues like climate change-- civility and humility.  If we want to make any headway on climate change or any other issue, there must be an “atmosphere” of civility and humility.

We can easily fill the atmosphere of our discussions with “hot air” and accomplish little else when we lack civility. Polite communication must underly every discussion, and this means both listening and speaking politely with one another.  The Apostle James wrote, Everyone should be quick to listen, slow to speak and slow to become angry (James 1:19).  Perfect advice, isn’t it?  However, notice in the verses just before v. 19, James urges readers to humble themselves, recognize their proneness toward pride and selfishness, and their need to seek wisdom that comes from a gracious God.

David Rupert’s article in Patheos entitled “What the Bible Says about Civility” has numerous Scriptures encouraging civility through a spirit of humility, kindness, and self-control.  These are fruit of the indwelling Spirit of God (Galatians 5: 22-23) which ought to enable Christ-followers to be examples and to be winsome contributors to discussions of controversial issues (1 Peter 3: 15).

Rupert quotes Jim Brown, author of Ending our Uncivil War: A Path to Political Recovery and Spiritual Renewal who said,

We’re in a Binary Age, where nuance is rare, complexity is verboten and sharp political battle lines are drawn. Churchgoers on both sides of our national mess are reluctant to turn a cheek, fine with abandoning the least of our brothers or condemning anyone who is wealthy, and adamantly opposed to loving their enemy. In fact, some want blood. They want Barabbas.

Those who purpose to engage in conversation, debate, and social media messaging with civility and humility can create an atmosphere in which contention can give way to understanding of one another’s differing motives and perspectives.   Polite humility is essential when discussing the nuances of complex scientific data and differing interpretations.  For example, read the following pairs of “climate change claims” and consider how you might participate in polite dialog in an effort to understand them:

Notice that neither claim denies that increased global temperatures have been measured..  But the two claims disagree as to which is the cause and which is the effect.  If increasing global CO₂ is the result and not the cause of changes in global temperatures, then climate science needs to objectively tell us like it is lest our policy proposals miss the mark.  As we will see later, Allan M.R. MacRae supports Scientific Claim #2 in “CO₂, Global Warming, Climate, and Energy.”

Humility among scientists and reviewers of research manuscripts is essential if we are to avoid ethics violations.  I have written in “The Conscience of Science” of the many incidents in which scientists reportedly falsify data, suppress or hide contradictory results, or refuse to review research that may favor an opposing claim.  So, it is important that our electorate be educated not only in the science of global ecology and climate science, but that we learn to be discerning of the political motivations and forces that take opposing sides in the debate about climate change. 

First, are policies being grounded on the basis of “good science” and correct conclusions about climate trends?  Second, are proposed solutions properly targeted to solve the environmental problem, or are they aimed instead at simply justifying the concentration of more power in Washington, DC as part of a social experiment? 

Clearly, we can see that “climate change” has a context—one that demands of all Americans our best efforts based on high moral and ethical standards of conduct in both the sciences and in politics.  For this, I will suggest that we need fewer street marches and more classrooms that teach at least the historical importance of the foundation provided by our Judeo-Christian heritage.

In particular, a good atmosphere for dealing with climate change will demand that we understand and apply the biblical narrative of Genesis 1 and 2 which we will consider in Part 2.  We can only wonder sadly as how many of the estimated 4 million people who marched this weekend for climate change have any knowledge or understanding of how important Judeo-Christian ethics have been to the foundation of human civilization. 

As I watched a Swedish schoolgirl, Greta Thunberg, likely not familiar with the biblical narrative, spawn a global movement, I am reminded to exercise humility and restraint lest I jump to conclusions about her qualifications to lead.  In this regard, I conclude with another quote from Jim Brown by David Rupert, as a prescription that may go far toward improving the “atmosphere” of our classrooms, conference rooms, and even the street marches for climate change:

The path to political recovery and spiritual renewal requires work.  We can turn the cheek, but not be weak.  We can lift up the least among us, as uncorrupted religions teach, while we respect and improve our laws.  We can love our enemies deeply – “agape,” as the Greeks, Christ, and Dr. King encouraged.

But David Rupert wonders, “Are we too far gone?”

Where Does the Power Come From? Part 2

Where does the power come from to see the race to its end?  In Part 1 of this blog, we featured three men who each had different answers to this question.  Eric Liddell who received a Gold Medal in track in the 1922 Olympics found power and joy through his faith in God.  In contrast, Liddell's Olympic teammate, Harold Abrahams, sought athletic success through relentless effort and professional coaching to maximize his running technique.  Both men aimed to be winners, but Eric Liddell was blessed with both the athletic ability to run fast and the spiritual presence of the Living Christ within his soul.  This “power from within” motivated Eric and guided him not only in his sport but in other areas of his life.  Sadly, because Harold Abrahams lacked this power, purpose, and identity, he was self-centered and frustrated.

The third man we recognized in Part 1 was Ian Charleson, the actor who portrayed Eric Liddell in the academy award-winning movie, Chariots of Fire.  Charleson’s excellence in portraying a great man of faith was a major reason for the movie’s success.  To “become” Eric Liddell, Charleson studied both Liddell and the Bible in an effort to answer the question, “What makes a Christian man ‘tick?’” Charleson’s excellent portrayal demonstrates how one can “act like a person of faith” without actually being a believer.

We can only hope that somewhere in his short life, Charleson invited Christ to be his Savior and Lord.  Each one of us must decide what we will do with the invitation God extends to us (Revelation 3: 20).  Until we “open the door” of our life, invite Christ to give us the gift of a “new birth” in His Spirit (Romans 6), we are not even “in the race.”  Indeed, God’s Word says without Christ, we are spiritually dead (Ephesians 2: 1-9)!

Power Within
How did Eric Liddell obtain this power from within “to see the race to its end?”  Of course, any athlete who goes out for a sport must submit to the discipline and “playbook” of a coach.  Even if he or she has great innate ability, an athlete must steward that ability through rigorous practices and physical conditioning, proper nutrition, and regular rest in order to perform well in competition.

By analogy, Eric Liddell’s spiritual “power from within” came from his stewardship of God’s love and grace.  His stewardship consisted of a willing submission to God through regular reading and study of God’s “playbook,” the Bible, through prayer communication with God, and through serving others. 

The evidence that a person has been spiritually “born again” through repentance and faith is a “turning from the old life” (Romans 8: 12-14) and “turning to God,” finding joy in communing with God through His Word and prayer (Romans 8: 15-17; Colossians 3: 1-4).  The indwelling Holy Spirit who takes up residence in our lives when we are “born again” stirs up an insatiable hunger for God’s Word and prayer-communion with God (Romans 8: 15-17; Colossians 3: 1-4).  The Apostle Peter, in 1 Peter 2: 2-3, exhorts new Christians, like newborn babies, long for the pure milk of the word, so that by it you may grow in respect to salvation, if you have tasted the kindness of the Lord.  The Prophet Jeremiah writes, When I discovered your words, I devoured them. They are my joy and my heart’s delight, for I bear your name, O LORD God of Heaven’s Armies (Jeremiah 15: 16).

Power within also develops through a commitment to fellowship, worship, and service with fellow believers (1 John 3: 14; Hebrews 10: 2; Colossians 3: 12-17).  And all of this creates another hunger—the hunger to share the joy of knowing Christ with others so that, as John exclaims, our joy may be made complete (1 John 1: 1-4).

Power from God’s Word
Eric Liddell was able to run and finish his race with victory because he had prepared using both physical and spiritual disciplines.  His “power within” came from his integration of these two dimensions as is expressed in the now-famous quote (emphasis mine):  I believe God made me for a purpose, but he also made me fast. And when I run, I feel His pleasure.  The power within us becomes evident when God’s Spirit and His Word open our spiritual eyes to understand where we came from, who we are in Christ, why we exist, and where we are headed.  Like Eric Liddell, when we practice the spiritual disciplines, God empowers us with purpose, identity, and hope.

Interestingly, another movie recently showing in theaters illustrates how the message of God’s Word gives us inner purpose, identity, and hope.  Overcomer is the story of Hannah who begins her high school cross country season with many odds against her.  She has no family except her somewhat embittered grandmother with whom she lives.  Hannah’s coach is neither experienced nor enthusiastic, and no other girls have come out for the team.  On top of that, Hannah has asthma. 

Weak as she is physically and spiritually, Hannah gradually finds her true identity through the love of Christ she discovers in His Word and through the kindness of friends.  The message from the Word transforms Hannah’s life and gives her a new sense of value and identity in Christ.  This realization prepares Hannah for other challenges and gives her the power within to “see her race to its end.”  Excellent movie—I highly recommend it.

Need Help ‘Feeding’ on the Word?
How about you? Have you invited Christ to come into your life, and to give you purpose and power for living?  If so, you can be like the blessed man (or woman) in Psalm 1 who delights in the law of the Lord.  But, maybe need some help getting into the Word—and getting the Word into you.  If so, I recommend two excellent messages on YouTube by our Senior Pastor at West Hill Baptist Church, Pastor Zach Swift.  Whether you are a mature Christian or a “baby Christian,” or a tired and discouraged Christian, or a skeptic of the whole notion of the Bible as God’s message for all people, these messages are worth hearing.  Pastor Zach preaches with passion and authority, yet with humility and compassion.  He invites us to listen, read, and consider how God’s Word can make a difference in your life.

His Part 1 of this August series is called “Foundations:  Give It a Chance.”  Here, Pastor Swift explains how regular reading and study of God’s Word is the necessary “Foundation” for right living.  He explains that God’s Word is “living and active.”  Long before the Bible came into being, God’s Word was at work.  All of God’s revelation in the Scripture is inspired (God-breathed) …and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, for training in righteousness; so that the man of God may be adequate, equipped for every good work (2 Timothy 3: 16).   Part 1 is a very practical and stimulating message on how to come to know Christ (if you are not a Christian) and to build a “Foundation” of faith by feeding your spiritual hunger within?

In Part 2 called “Foundations:  Find a Way,” Pastor Swift gives practical challenges and instruction in how to dive into the Scriptures and find encouragement and answer to life’s questions.  He asks, “If God’s Word is food, then who is feeding you?”  “How would your life look differently if you were growing spiritually?”  “How can you learn to read and study Scripture daily?” This message is full of very practical “How two’s” that will encourage you to love God’s Word and make it and the God of the Bible a daily part of your life.  

Two Other Resources:  
Accompanying Pastor Swift's message, "Foundations:  Find a Way," is a “14-day Scripture Reading Program” (see below, click to enlarge).  For those who don't already have a plan, he offers this plan to assist in the discipline of daily reading and study of God's Word.  Check it out.  Where will your power come from to see your race to its end?

You may be surprised how much you don't know about the Bible.  It is very different from the impressions that many people have acquired without having actually read it.  Check out Not What You Think, a book by Michael and Lauren McAfee.  2019. Zondervan.

Where Does the Power Come From? - Part 1

Our granddaughter, Kiara, runs in two kinds of races these days.  During August, she has been preparing for her cross-country season.  But for the past several years, Kiara has been preparing for another kind of race, one that is influencing how she will perform in cross-country and in other races in her life.  All of us who have “registered” for this other race of life need occasional reminders of how important it is.

To explain Kiara's second race, I want to refer to a famous runner whose life has been highlighted in an Academy Award-winning, 1980 British film, Chariots of Fire.  His character in the movie asks the question, "So where does the power come from to see the race to its end?"  Sounds like an important question for any athlete, student, or anyone seeking purpose in life.  Kiara is among those who have come to know this power.

Source of the Power
Where does this power come from?  The question is asked twice in Chariots of Fire.  Both times it points to the power that existed within Eric Liddell, the Scottish athlete noted for refusing to run his favored 100-meter race in the 1924 Summer Olympics.  Eric Liddell’s reason:  Because his faith in God included a commitment to refraining from athletic games on “the Lord’s Day” which happened to be when the heats for the 100-meter were held.  This was no shallow, legalistic practice but instead, a part of who Eric Liddell had become in his walk of faith in God.

Having put his hopes for Olympic gold on the line and refusing to budge under pressure, Liddell was providentially blessed with the opportunity to switch to the 400-meter competition which had scheduled heats during a weekday.  Famously, Liddell ran, won a gold medal, and set an Olympic record in spite of the odds against a short-distance runner winning this longer race.

"When I run, I feel His pleasure." - Eric Liddell

Eric Liddell expressed his faith in God with the now-famous statement, I believe God made me for a purpose, but he also made me fast. And when I run, I feel His pleasure.  His example as a vigorously competitive athlete who attributed his success to God’s power and pleasure within has been an inspiration to many athletes, both Christian and non-Christian alike.  Partly because of its inspiring message, Chariots of Fire won four Academy Awards including Best Picture and Best Original Screenplay.  It is ranked 19th in the British Film Institute's list of Top 100 British films.  [Here is a link to a short YouTube video featuring Eric Liddell’s climactic race.]
What Is the Power?
What is the power that works within the life of those who claim to possess it?  Is it merely a subjective experience of an “emotional high” from a sense of connectedness to the spiritual realm?  If so, then anyone can have this power.  Just find time and a quiet place to meditate on where you came from, your relationship to some Higher Power, and how you find purpose and meaning in life.  Or, maybe this power comes by harnessing the power of physics, physiology, and just plain determination.  If so, then why do so many well-endowed and disciplined athletes evidently fail to excel?  Eric Liddell’s Olympic teammate, Harold Abrahams, used this latter approach in his largely unsuccessful effort to power his way to victory. 

Watching Eric Liddell run with passion "unnerved" Abrahams.

Abrahams was portrayed in Chariots of Fire as a disciplined athlete with great determination to win.  He was so determined to win that he even employed a professional coach who helped him apply the physics of running to improve his technique.  But Abrahams was intimidated by Liddell because Liddell possessed the power, passion, and purpose that didn’t come from practice, conditioning, and coaching alone.
Abrahams and many others did not experience Eric Liddell’s pleasure and success in their race because they had not entered that second race which Liddell and our granddaughter, Kiara, has entered.  In the movie, speaking to workingmen after one of his races, Liddell’s film character, Ian Charleson, gives an invitation to possess the power within (emphasis mine): 

You came to a race today, to see someone win.  Happened to be me.  But I want you to do more than just watch a race.   I want you to take part in it.  I want to compare faith to running in a race.

Many of us have come to “watch a race” but relatively few, figuratively speaking, “take part in it.”  Liddell compared his faith to “running in a race,” an idea that is expressed in the New Testament Scriptures (see 1 Corinthians 9: 24; Hebrews 12: 1).  According to the Apostle Paul, this faith, and the power of faith, comes by hearing, and hearing by the Word of God (Romans 10: 17).  But a person cannot take part in an athletic race unless he or she registers.  Likewise, we cannot take part in the race of life, the “spiritual race” without faith in God and His Word.  And the message of God’s Word, the Bible, centers around the Gospel Message, the “Good News” that Jesus Christ came as God in human form to die and rise again to save us from eternal judgment if we yield our lives to Him.

How we respond to the Gospel determines whether we will “enter the race.”  The Apostle Paul explains that Gospel of Jesus Christ is the power of God for salvation.  This power (Gr. dunamis, from which we get dynamite) can “blow up” our strongholds of pride and open our hearts to receive Christ as King of His rightful kingdom within our lives.  His kingdom is ruled by the Spirit of God who will abide in the Christ-follower as Helper, Comforter, and Teacher (John 14: 15-26).  This was Eric Liddell’s source of “the power to see the race to its end.”  He lived in personal relationship empowered by His obedience to the Living God (John 15: 1-17).  Unfortunately, this power was missing in Harold Abrahams, who sought the power through his intellect and technique only to find frustration.

Exploring the Power Intellectually
Besides Eric Liddell and Harold Abrahams, there is a third person of interest who was involved in Chariots of Fire—Ian Charleson, the brilliant young actor who played the part of Liddell.  According to an October 2, 1981 article in The New York Times, Charleson who described himself as having no religious background recognized that, to “find out what [a Christian man] was about” I had to “find something in the Christian religion that I myself - Ian Charleson - could represent.”

Charleson gave a stirring invitation
but did he accept it himself?

To accomplish this, Charleson read the Bible from cover to cover.  He said, “Whenever I came across a phrase, a passage, a piece of wisdom that I could relate to or think 'That sounds right, that sounds reasonable,’ I would mark it down.  I compiled a whole notebook of quotes that I thought were the essence of what I could believe in Christianity…”

Although Charleson read the Bible and quoted passages from the Gospel, my research on his biography has revealed no evidence that he ever made a decision to “take part in the race” by a response of faith in the Gospel message.  I hope he did.  We do know that Charleson was a gay man who died at the age of 40 of a fatal infection as a consequence of contracting AIDS.  Unselfishly, even though homosexuality in the 1980’s was a much more private matter, Charleson instructed in his final documents that his reason for death be made public to promote awareness of the need to address AIDS.

We also know that Ian Charleson was fascinated with the faith commitment of Eric Liddell and wanted to portray authentically Liddell’s genuine commitment to Jesus Christ.  As a result of his knowledge of Liddell and his thorough intellectual study of the Bible, Charleson chose to write an inspiring invitation to come by faith to Christ; an invitation that Liddell might have written.  Charleson’s message of invitation and his delivery of the message as he thought Liddell might have done it to common workingmen, became one of the most inspiring and powerful parts of the movie.  [See adjacent text box.  See also YouTube video clip of the message from Chariots of Fire.]

The Right Choice – Yielding to Christ
Did Ian Charleson, like Harold Abrahams, run the short race of his life only to end without coming to know the real power—“from within?”  I do not know.  But personally, I do know Jesus, the Source of the power, and I want to “see the race to its end” for myself.  I want to run my race without stumbling or causing my wife and family, including our granddaughter Kiara, to stumble because of me.

If you wish to know more about the Gospel, the “Good News,” let me help.   The Gospel is summarized in an outline called “Steps to Peace with God” which explains God’s love, our predicament (sin and separation from God), what Jesus has done to address our predicament, and what you can do by faith to receive God’s righteousness (right standing with a Holy God).  If you wish to respond, you may post a “Comment” below or e-mail me at silviusj@gmail.com

Recommended Reading:
For Ian Charleson: A Tribute by Ian McKellen, Hugh Hudson, Alan Bates, et al.  (London: Constable and Company, 1990).
Sports Without Spirit – Oikonomia, January 19, 2014